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目的对喉癌患者气管切开后使呼吸道保持通畅的有效方法的探讨,使患者早日康复,尽早顺利地出院。方法通过对我院耳鼻喉科13例喉癌患者进行气管切开术后进行护理加以观察,总结气管切开患者术后常见的问题,查找其问题出现的原因,进行分析研究。结果临床实践发现气管切开术后常见问题的主要是:切口处容易感染、气管内有出血现象、气管套管有脱管现象、气管内套管容易出现阻塞、呼吸困难等。经止血、重新插管、加强局部换药、抗感染、吸痰等及时治疗和精心护理,除1例喉癌患者因为拔管困难将管携带出院外,其余12例并发症都得到了有效控制。结论一名合格的护士应具有高度的工作责任心,不但要对患者出现各种常见护理问题及时发现,做到有效处理,还必须对术后常见问题的原因有所了解,能够发现问题及时通知医生,通过护理确保患者在术后能更好的康复,早日出院。
Objective To explore the effective method of keeping the airway clear after tracheotomy in patients with laryngeal cancer so as to make the patients recover quickly and discharge smoothly as soon as possible. Methods Thirteen patients with laryngeal cancer treated in otolaryngology department of our hospital were treated with tracheotomy and observed. The common problems after tracheotomy were summarized, the causes of the problems were found out and analyzed. Results Clinical practice found that the common problems after tracheotomy are mainly: incision easily infected with bleeding in the trachea, tracheal tube detachment phenomenon, prone to endotracheal tube blockage, dyspnea and so on. After hemostasis, re-intubation, and strengthen the local dressing, anti-infective, suction and other timely treatment and meticulous care, except for 1 case of laryngeal cancer patients because of extubation difficult to carry the tube, the remaining 12 cases of complications have been effectively controlled . Conclusion A qualified nurse should have a high sense of responsibility, not only in patients with a variety of common nursing problems found in time, so that effective treatment, but also must understand the causes of postoperative common problems, to identify problems promptly notify Doctors, through care to ensure that patients recover better after surgery, early discharge.