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一凡是科学知识都有确切的概念。什么是概念呢?毛主席说:“概念这种东西已经不是事物的现象,不是事物的各个片面,不是它们的外部联系,而是抓住了事物的本质,事物的全体,事物的内部联系了。”(《毛泽东选集》第一卷274页)换句话说,概念是反映客观事物本质属性的思维形式。在小学算术中有哪些基本概念呢?我们可把它们归纳为:数与形体的认识,如:名数、不名数、分数、小数、百分数的意义和性质,数的组成和分解,点、线、面和各种形体等;运算中的数量的相互依存关系,如加数、被加数与和之间的关系,距离、速
As long as science is scientific, there is an exact concept. What is the concept? Chairman Mao said: “The concept of such things is not the phenomenon of things, not all things one-sided, not their external relations, but seize the essence of things, things, the internal relations of things . ”(Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Vol. I, p. 274) In other words, concepts are forms of thinking that reflect the essential attributes of objective things. What are some of the basic concepts in elementary arithmetic? We can summarize them as: the knowledge of numbers and forms, such as the meaning and nature of names, ancestry, fractions, decimals, percents, the composition and decomposition of numbers, Line, surface and various forms, etc .; the interdependence of the number of operations, such as the addend, the relationship between the addend and the sum, distance, speed