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锻模是传递动力,使金属毛坯在型槽内进行强制性塑性变形的工具。它的受力情况复杂,工作条件恶劣,因而损坏形式和原因也是多种多样的。为了提高锻模的使用寿命,现在已从大量的生产实践中总结出许多技术准则,用以指导锻模结构设计、锻模材料选择、锻模机械加工和热处理以及模锻操作等各个方面。但总地说来,这些技术准则的基础都是如应力集中、疲劳、摩擦、磨损等传统的概念,并无定量的理论计算为依据。特别是关于模块尺寸的选择,完全是经验性的,从锻模强度的意义上看,是很模糊的。
Forging die is to transmit power, so that the metal blank in the groove forcible plastic deformation of tools. Its force situation is complex, poor working conditions, so the form and cause of damage is also varied. In order to improve the service life of forging dies, many technical guidelines have been summarized from a large number of production practices to guide the design of forging dies, choice of forging materials, forging die machining and heat treatment, as well as forging operations. In general, however, these technical guidelines are based on the traditional concepts of stress concentration, fatigue, friction and wear, without any quantitative theoretical calculations. In particular, the choice of module dimensions is entirely empirical and, in the sense of the strength of the forging die, is very vague.