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目的 :探讨先天性白内障的发病因素 ,提醒儿科医生重视眼科检查 ,以求尽早发现治疗先天性白内障 ,从而减少弱视和盲的发生。方法 :以 116名 1岁以内的先天性白内障患儿作为观察组 ;选取 10 2名健康儿童为对照组 ,进行病例对照研究 ,对 18种危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 :母亲孕期存在贫血或缺钙、孕早期宫内病毒感染、自然分娩、异常分娩、家族史、早产双胎、窒息史、缺氧缺血性脑病、吸氧持续时间等 9种危险因素 ,观察组与对照组有显著性差异 ,多因素Logistic回归分析均表明吸氧持续时间、孕早期宫内病毒感染、家族遗传是先天性白内障的主要危险因素。结论 :通过研究先天性白内障的主要危险因素 ,特别提示儿科医生在儿童各阶段体检时应注意不要遗漏眼部检查 ,注意询问患儿吸氧情况 ,对那些开始吸氧时间早、持续时间长的患儿 ,建议请眼科医生详细检查患儿眼部情况 ,防止延误病情
Objective: To explore the pathogenesis of congenital cataract, to remind pediatricians emphasis on eye examination in order to detect as soon as possible the treatment of congenital cataracts, thereby reducing the incidence of amblyopia and blindness. Methods: A total of 116 children with congenital cataract within 1 year of age were selected as the observation group. A total of 102 healthy children were selected as the control group. A case-control study was conducted and 18 risk factors were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: 9 risk factors such as anemia or calcium deficiency during pregnancy, 9 intrauterine virus infection in early pregnancy, spontaneous labor, abnormal delivery, family history, twins with preterm birth, history of asphyxia, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, duration of oxygen inhalation, The observation group and the control group have significant differences, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of oxygen inhalation, intrauterine virus infection in early pregnancy, family inheritance is the main risk factor for congenital cataracts. Conclusion: By studying the main risk factors of congenital cataract, it is especially suggested that pediatricians should pay attention not to omit the eye examination during the examination of children. Attention should be paid to the oxygen intake of children, and those who start oxygen absorption earlier and last longer Children, it is recommended that ophthalmologists check the eye condition in children in detail to prevent the delay of the disease