抗菌药是指具有杀菌或抑菌活性的药物,是临床应用最广泛的一类药物,可涉及临床各个科室,是治疗由病原微生物所致疾病的有力武器,挽救了数以万计的生命。但是,由于人们对抗菌药的过分依赖,造成抗菌药的滥用,从而陷入了“感染-用抗菌药-培养出耐药菌株-造成新的感染-再用抗菌药”的恶性循环的怪圈,如继续滥用下去,将会导致很多感染性疾病无药可用的状况。因此,抗菌药物的合理使用已经成为全球共同关注的问题。近几年,为遏制抗菌药的滥用,从国家政策层面先后出台了《抗菌药物临床应用指导原 Antimicrobial agents are those drugs that have bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity and are the most widely used drugs in clinical practice. They can be used in all clinical departments and are powerful weapons for the treatment of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. They have saved tens of thousands of lives. However, due to over-reliance on antimicrobial agents, abuse of antimicrobial agents has led to a vicious cycle of “vicious cycle of infection-using antibiotics-cultivating drug-resistant strains-causing new infections-reusing antibiotics” If you continue to abuse, will lead to a lot of infectious diseases without medication availability. Therefore, the rational use of antimicrobial drugs has become a global issue of common concern. In recent years, in order to curb the abuse of antimicrobial drugs, from the national policy level has introduced the "Antibiotics clinical guidance