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口译作为一项人类语言文化符号的转换活动,历史源远流长,在人类社会的发展过程中起着重要作用。然而在历史上,口译长久以来被认为是一种次要的、低等的技能,又因其特有的即时性,无法付诸笔墨,一定程度上导致口译史研究成果数量不多。国内学界对于中国口译活动的史学研究最早散见于一些翻译史著作,如顾长声在《从马礼逊到司徒雷登》(1985)中呈现了西方传教士在我国政治军事活动中担任口译的史料;马祖毅在《中国翻译简史》(1984)及《中国翻译简史(五四以前部分)》(1998)中都提到了“五四”前不少口译史实;此外,邹振环(1998)等人的翻译史著作《江苏翻译出版史略》对
As a conversion of cultural symbols of human language, interpretation has a long history and plays an important role in the development of human society. Historically, however, interpreting has long been regarded as a secondary and inferior skill, and because of its unique immediacy, it can not be used in writing. To a certain extent, interpretation of the history of interpretation has been scarce. Historical studies of interpreting activities in China were first published in some books on translation history. For example, Gu Changsheng presented the historical data of interpreting interpretations by Western missionaries in China’s political and military activities from “Morrison to Stuart (1985)”; Ma Zuyi In “A Brief History of Chinese Translation” (1984) and “A Brief History of Chinese Translation (1998),” many historical facts about interpreting were mentioned before the May Fourth Movement. In addition, Zou Zhenhuan (1998) and others The translation history book “Jiangsu translation history slightly” right