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1980年,我与其他三人由原国家建材局派往美国学习混凝土空心砌块的生产和应用。在NCMA得到一本介绍混凝土砌块在美国发展历史的册子,书名叫:“FromtheCarriageagetotheSpaceAge”,副标题是:“TheBirthandGrowthoftheConcreteMasonryIndustry”,可译为“由马车岁月到太空时代—混凝土砌块工业的诞生和成长”。这是一本非公开出版的内部资料。20年后再次翻阅这本书,觉得美国砌块初期的发展道路与中国有着惊人的相似。比如先有实心砌块代替红砖,后为了减轻重量发展成空心砌块;先是简易设备(我国之为“小土群”厂)形成产量,等质量出了问题,再走机械化、规模化的道路和注重质量;轻集料砌块由于明显的优越性而得到重视;建筑应用遇到困难,行业走下坡路,靠多专业攻关才走出困境;行业协会在推广、科研和技术革新方面大有用武之地(美国没有政府干预一说),……等等。看来事物的发展有它一定规律,唯物主义者就应该去发现规律,主动顺应规律办事;既不回避问题,也不在问题面前低头。于是将该书有关内容编译出来,以飨读者。顺便提及,本人只对文字作选录和编辑,并未对内容加入自己的观点。如有读者对文字有怀疑,译者也愿意将原书借出供校核。
In 1980, I and other three people were sent to the United States to study the production and application of concrete hollow block by the former State Building Materials Bureau. A booklet entitled “From the Carriageage of the SpaceSpace” is presented at NCMA to introduce the history of concrete blocks in the United States. The subtitle is: “The Bath and Growth of the Concrete Masonry Industry,” which translates as “the carriage era to the space age - the birth and growth of the concrete block industry ”. This is a non-public publication of internal information. Twenty years later, I read the book again and found that the initial development of the United States block has an astonishing similarity with that of China. For example, the first solid brick instead of red brick, in order to reduce the weight of the development of hollow blocks; first simple equipment (China as a “small soil group”) to form the output, quality and other problems, and take the mechanization, large-scale Roads and focus on quality; light aggregate blocks due attention to obvious superiority; architectural applications encountered difficulties, the industry downhill, rely on more than professional research before it gets out of the woods; industry associations in the promotion, research and technological innovation of great usefulness (United States without government intervention), ... and so on. It seems that the development of things has its own laws. The materialists should find out the law and take the initiative to follow the law. They neither shy away from problems nor bow down before the problems. So the contents of the book compiled to readers. Incidentally, I only make editorial selection and editing of the text, and I have not added my opinion to the content. If readers have doubts about the text, the translator is also willing to lend the original book for verification.