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减少发展中国家毁林及森林退化引起的温室气体排放,森林保护、可持续森林管理和增加森林碳储量(REDD+)在减缓气候变化行动中的作用越来越明显,已经成为《联合国气候变化框架公约》谈判的重要议题。近年来各缔约方针对方法学、融资机制和REDD+与清洁发展机制(CDM)关系的谈判争论越来越激烈。在《联合国气候变化框架公约》第18次缔约方会议(COP18)期间,对REDD+议题提出了新的要求,除了有关于逐步建立国家水平森林参考排放水平或参考水平等有关方法学的技术与科学问题外,基金在融资机制中的作用和非碳效益支付议题也有待进行深入的磋商。文中基于对各缔约方提案的分析结果和REDD+示范项目开展情况,结合我国森林资源现状,分析了REDD+机制对我国可能产生的影响并提出后续谈判期的对策建议。
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, the role of forest conservation, sustainable forest management and increased forest carbon stocks (REDD +) in climate change mitigation is becoming more and more evident and has become the UN Framework for Climate Change Convention on the negotiation of the important issues. In recent years, the parties have been fiercer in the negotiation of methodologies, financing mechanisms and the relationship between REDD + and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). During the 18th Meeting of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 18), new requirements were raised for the REDD + issue in addition to the technical and scientific aspects of methodologies such as the progressive establishment of forest reference emission levels or reference levels at the national level In addition, the role of the fund in the financing mechanism and the issue of non-carbon benefits payment have yet to be discussed in depth. Based on the analysis of the proposals submitted by Parties and the implementation of the REDD + demonstration project, the paper analyzes the possible impact of REDD + mechanism on China and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the follow-up negotiation period based on the current situation of forest resources in our country.