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本文研究了黄土区(陕西部分)土壤钾的形态,按毫克/100克土计,有机钾0.36-5.04,水溶性钾0.24-2.37,代换性钾3.61-16.96,有效钾3.85-19.33,非代换性钾64.45-149.77,结构钾1,840.3-2,538.3,全钾为1.920-2,640。有效钾为非代换性钾的11.42％,结构钾的0.53％和全钾的0.51％。水溶性钾和代换性钾分别是有效钾的8.2％和91.8％。通过主成分分析可知,土壤各种形态的钾与有机质呈正相关:水溶性钾、代换性钾、非代换性钾与有机态钾,代换性钾和非代换性钾与粉粒和粘粒也呈正相关,但都与沙粒呈负相关.钾的释放符合于幂回归方程(y=ax~(-b)).释放量从北向南是逐渐增加的.幼年土壤和轻黑垆土耕作层释放量高于其他层次,但是粘黑垆土和黑(?)土的粘化层的释放量高于其它层次。
In this paper, the soil potassium forms in the loess area (Shaanxi part) were calculated. The contents of organic potassium 0.36-5.04, water soluble potassium 0.24-2.37, substituted potassium 3.61-16.96, available potassium 3.85-19.33 Potassium substitution 64.45-149.77, structural potassium 1,840.3-2,538.3, total potassium 1.920-2,640. Available potassium is 11.42% of non-substituted potassium, 0.53% of structural potassium and 0.51% of total potassium. Water-soluble potassium and substituted potassium are 8.2% and 91.8% of available potassium, respectively. Principal component analysis showed that potassium and organic matter in various forms of soil were positively correlated: water soluble potassium, substituted potassium, non-substituted potassium and organic potassium, substituted potassium and non-substituted potassium and powder and The results showed that there was a positive correlation between clay and sand, but both were negatively correlated with sand.The release of potassium accorded with the power regression equation (y = ax ~ (-b)), and the release increased gradually from north to south. Soil release was higher than that of other layers, but the release of clay was higher than that of other layers.