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目前认为除肾上腺皮质激素外,性激素及甲状腺激素亦与某些呼吸系统疾病有关。关于性激素:①在月经周期的黄体期,肺泡CO_2分压降低。青少年女子随着月经周期变化(雌激素及孕激素的变化),呼吸道纤毛上皮细胞也发生变化,向杯状细胞转化。②经期前后数日虽易罹患感冒,但在经期内却可表现出对感冒具有抵抗力。③女性肺气肿患者妊娠后血促孕激素浓度升高时,病情往往改善。④即使是无呼吸道疾病的男性,夜间睡眠时也有轻度的氯饱和度下降及换气量减少,而在女性(尤其是在闭经前)则无此种现象。⑤患有肺弹性损害如松弛肺综合征(flaccidlung syndrome)的病人,球蛋白结合型性激素增多,游离型性激素减少。
At present, in addition to adrenal hormones, sex hormones and thyroid hormones are also associated with certain respiratory diseases. About sex hormones: ① in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, alveolar CO_2 partial pressure decreased. Adolescent girls with changes in the menstrual cycle (estrogen and progesterone changes), respiratory cilia epithelial cells also change to goblet cell transformation. ② days before and after menstruation Although susceptible to a cold, but during menstruation can show resistance to the cold. ③ women with emphysema after pregnancy blood progesterone levels increased, the condition is often improved. ④ Even men who have no respiratory illness have mild night-time sleep apnea and decreased ventilation, whereas women do not experience this, especially before amenorrhea. ⑤ patients suffering from pulmonary elastic damage such as flaccid lung syndrome (flaccidlung syndrome), globulin-associated sex hormones increased, free sex hormone decreased.