一、引言 汉语句长的制约因素就是影响或者支配了汉语句长的因素。语言的各种功能变体,如政论语体、科技语体等,句子语法结构的繁简,以及个体在语言运用能力方面的差异都会影响到句子的长度。可是这些因素只是制约因素的不同的显示形式,而不是制约因素自身。据初步分析,对于汉语句长发生作用的制约因素大约有三个,它们是:人脑的信息加工处理方式、语调以及某些强制性的表达格式。 二、汉语句子的长度 到目前为止,我们对于汉语句长的情况还不能说十分了解,这主要是因为缺少系统、全面而细致的调查统计。已知的统计都是有较大局限性的。 张绍麒和李明曾对汉语句长作过抽样统计(1986)。他们从50万字的书面材料中随机抽取了1万字的样本,统计出含有250个句子,结果发现“政论文平均句长(词数)为39.13,小 I. Introduction The restraining factor of Chinese sentence length is the factor that influences or dominates Chinese sentence length. Various functional variations of language, such as political discourse, scientific and technical discourse, etc., the complicated grammatical structure of sentences, and individual differences in the ability to use the language will affect the length of the sentence. However, these factors are only different manifestations of constraints, not constraints. According to the preliminary analysis, there are about three restrictive factors for the Chinese sentence length. They are: the human brain’s information processing method, intonation and some mandatory expressions. Second, the length of Chinese sentences So far, we can not say very well for the Chinese sentence length, mainly because of the lack of systematic, comprehensive and detailed survey statistics. Known statistics are more limited. Zhang Shaoqi and Li Ming had made sampling statistics on Chinese sentence length (1986). They randomly sampled 10,000 words from 500,000 words of written material and counted 250 sentences. The result showed that "the average sentence length (number of words) of the political essay is 39.13, which is small