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盆地的沉积层厚度是一个十分重要的参数.它不仅是引起强地面运动的主要因素,还严重影响到盆地中深层的勘探效果.为减小地震时强地面运动造成的损失,提高中深部勘探精度,有必要研究盆地沉积层的厚度(基岩埋深).研究发现,重力测量可快速获得大范围盆地沉积层厚度.通过分离地表观测到的重力场,得到沉积层的剩余异常,根据沉积层的剩余异常反演出它的厚度.本文阐述了利用重力测量盆地沉积层厚度的方法和技术,包括沉积层重力场正演计算、沉积层剩余重力异常分离、重力异常反演方法等;总结了国内外研究现状,分析了相关研究方法的优点和不足,最后对该研究方向进行了展望.
The thickness of sediment in the basin is a very important parameter, which is not only the main factor that causes strong ground motion, but also seriously affects the deep exploration in the basin.In order to reduce the loss of strong ground motion caused by earthquakes and enhance the exploration of middle-deep exploration Accuracy, it is necessary to study the thickness of the sedimentary layer in the basin (bedrock depth) .It is found that gravimetric measurements can quickly obtain the thickness of the sedimentary layer in a wide range of basins, and the remaining anomalies of the sedimentary layer can be obtained by separating the observed gravitational field. The remaining anomalies of layers are inverted to reveal its thickness.This paper describes the methods and techniques of using gravimetric methods to measure the thickness of sedimentary layers in the basin, including forward calculation of gravitational field in sedimentary layers, anomaly separation of residual gravity in gravity sediments and gravity anomaly inversion methods. The research status at home and abroad, the advantages and disadvantages of the related research methods are analyzed, and the prospect of this research is prospected finally.