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目的了解招远市农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病情况及相关危险因素,为COPD的社区防治提供依据。方法从2003年11月—2005年1月,通过机械抽样的方法,抽取招远市35个自然村,对≥40岁的农民6496人问卷调查。凡1秒钟用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)<70%者诊断为COPD。结果调查5503人,与危险因素相关的2616人中确诊COPD 807人,患病率14.66%。吸烟人群患病率为27.80%,木工、管理果园、加工石材、生产粉丝及接触化工、谷尘、水泥和下矿井者患病率分别为21.74%,20.86%,28.89%,22.79%,33.33%,30.55%,36.84%,25.93%,均比总体患病率高,经比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄越大,患病率越高。70岁以上人群COPD的患病率(26.88%)是40～49岁人群的4倍。结论招远市40岁以上的农民COPD患病率为14.66%,除吸烟是COPD主要危险因素外,从事果园管理、石材加工、粉丝生产、采矿、化工作业以及经常接触水泥、谷尘等职业是引发COPD的危险因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence and related risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural Zhaoyuan and provide the basis for community-based prevention and treatment of COPD. Methods From November 2003 to January 2005, 35 villages in Zhaoyuan City were sampled by means of mechanical sampling, and 6496 peasants aged 40 and older were surveyed. Any one second forced expiratory volume / forced vital capacity (FEV1 / FVC) <70% were diagnosed with COPD. Results A total of 5503 people were surveyed, of which 807 were diagnosed as COPD in 2616 people with risk factors, the prevalence was 14.66%. The prevalence rate of smokers was 27.80%. The prevalence rates of carpentry, management of orchards, processing of stone, production of vermicelli, and access to chemical industry, grain dust, cement and mines were 21.74%, 20.86%, 28.89%, 22.79% and 33.33% respectively. , 30.55%, 36.84% and 25.93%, respectively, which were higher than the overall prevalence rate. The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The older the prevalence was, the higher the prevalence rate was. The prevalence of COPD in people over 70 years old (26.88%) was four times that of people aged 40-49 years. Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in Zhaoyuan farmers over the age of 40 is 14.66%. In addition to smoking is the major risk factor for COPD, occupations such as orchard management, stone processing, vermicelli production, mining, chemical industry and regular contact with cement and grain dust are Risk factors for causing COPD.