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目的利用卫星搭载高梁种子 ,返地后 ,将其播种、栽培 ,观察与调查其后代的变异及遗传情况 ,以期选育出优良的突变体 ,定向培育成新品种供生产应用。方法 1 996年 ,利用我国发射的返回式科学实验卫星搭载高粱恢复系唐恢 2 8干种子 ,飞行 1 5d回收后田间种植 ,对其主要农艺性状表现进行调查研究。结果在SP1代发现植株矮化、穗粒重显著增加等少数性状变异。SP2代群体发生广谱分离。所观察的 8个主要性状除抗病性无明显分离 ,壳色变异极小外 ,其它性状变异显著。并从中获得了穗长比对照最大穗还长 4cm ,穗粒重比对照最大穗还重 58.5g特大穗变异株系。结论SP2代大穗型株系性状相对稳定 ,在穗长穗粒重上表现出有选育价值的稳定变异。故认为高梁干种子在空间条件下所产生的变异是可以稳定地遗传给后代 ,航天育种可以作为一种新的诱变育种方法。
Aim To use satellites to carry sorghum seeds and return to the ground. After sowing, cultivating, observing and investigating the variation and inheritance of their offspring, a good mutant was selected and cultivated into new varieties for production and application. Methods In 1996, the main scientific and experimental satellites launched by our country were those of sorghum restorer Tang Hui 28, and were planted in the field after 15 days of flight recovery. The main agronomic traits were investigated. The results showed that in the SP1 generation plant dwarfing, spikelet weight increased significantly and other minor trait variation. SP2 generation broad-spectrum separation occurred. The observed eight major traits in addition to no significant separation of disease resistance, shell color variation is extremely small, other significant variation. The spike length was 4cm longer than that of the control, and the spike weight was 58.5g larger than that of the control. Conclusion The characters of SP2 generation large panicle were relatively stable, showing stable variation of breeding value on panicles per panicle. Therefore, it is considered that the variation of sorghum dry seeds under the space conditions can be inherited stably to future generations, and space breeding can be used as a new mutagenesis breeding method.