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一、历史的回顾美国的G·H·绍尔(1904)在研究玉米穗行数的遗传中对玉米进行了连续的自交和杂交,发现自交的退化现象可由杂交而恢复,并在1907年指出育种实践的中心目标应该是保留最高活力的和最丰产的杂种组合。1909年在《美国育种家协会报告》上发表著名论文《玉米育种的纯系法》,系统地叙述了利用自交系间杂交种的理论和方法。美国的第一个商业性自交系间杂种称贝尔·利明,是由D·F·琼斯1921年前后在康乃狄格试验站育成,在美国东北部少量推广。而美国大多数的杂种玉米育种工作是在二十年代建立,所得到的第一批商业杂种是三十年代开始利用的。1933年美国
I. Historical Review G · H · Sauer (1904) in the United States in the study of maize lines inheritance of maize continuous selfing and hybridization and found that selfing degeneration can be restored by hybridization, and in 1907 The year pointed out that the central goal of breeding practice should be to preserve the most viable and productive hybrids. In 1909, he published the famous paper “Pure Breeding Method of Maize Breeding” in “American Breeders’ Association Report”, systematically narrating the theory and method of using inbred lines hybrids. The first commercially bred hybrid in the United States, Belle Liming, was bred by DT Jones at the Connecticut Station before and after 1921, with a small spread in the northeastern United States. The United States most of the hybrid corn breeding work was established in the 1920s, the first batch of commercial hybrids have been used since the 1930s. 1933 United States