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《人民警察法》第48条第3款中关于在必要时对违反纪律的警察采取禁闭措施的规定是我国法律的特殊制度安排,系警察组织管理下游——法律责任中的重要内容。尽管如此,以往围绕警察禁闭制度所做的专门性研究极其有限,这很大程度源于“禁闭”处在“法律责任”的章节之下过于微观,且缺少域外制度的参考。然而,警察个体的人身自由因禁闭措施而遭受限制,倘若在法律上无法澄清“违反纪律”、“必要时”等概念,势必引发制度本身的合法性危机。回顾六十年来“禁闭”规范的变迁,虽然具体化的尝试从未停止,但诸多规定不够明确,进而导致“禁闭”实践的混乱。因此,我国警察禁闭制度亟待系统性研究,在“禁闭”的历史中考察其根源,把握其理论张力,厘清违反纪律、禁闭措施与法律责任之间的微妙关系,进而设计包括禁闭措施的适用条件、决定主体和程序、实施机关、期限以及救济方式在内的一系列制度细节,实现制度实施的法制化与实践运作的规范化,最终在(行政)法学理论上形塑中国话语。
Article 48, paragraph 3, of the People’s Police Law, which stipulates that the imposition of confinement measures on police breaches of discipline where necessary, is a special institutional arrangement of our laws and is an important part of the management of the police downstream-legal responsibilities. In spite of this, there have been only a limited number of specialized studies on the system of police confinement in the past, largely due to the fact that “confinement ” is too microscopic under the heading of “legal liability ” and there is a lack of reference to the extraterritorial system. However, personal liberty of police individuals is limited by confinement measures. If the law can not be clarified such concepts as “breaking discipline” and “if necessary”, it is bound to trigger the crisis of legitimacy of the system itself. Recalling the changes in the “confinement” norms in the past six decades, many of the provisions were not sufficiently clear, which led to confusion in practice. Therefore, our country’s police confinement system urgently needs to be studied systematically, examining its root causes in the history of confinement, grasping its theoretical tension, clarifying the delicate relationship between disciplinary measures, confinement measures and legal responsibilities, and then designing measures that include confinement measures Applicable conditions, the main body and procedures, the implementation of organs, deadlines and relief methods, a series of system details to achieve the legal system of the implementation of the standardization and practical operation, and ultimately (administrative) jurisprudence theory of Chinese discourse.