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目的:探讨医院获得性支气管-肺感染老年患者的病原菌菌株分布、耐药现状及治疗对策。方法:回顾性分析48例医院获得性支气管-肺感染老年患者痰液培养获得的52株致病菌的菌株分布及耐药性。结果:医院获得性支气管-肺感染老年患者的病原菌菌株分布前5位分别是:金黄色葡萄球菌(占21.15%)、大肠埃希菌(占17.30%)、铜绿假单胞菌(占15.38%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(占13.46%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(占11.54%);所有致病菌对常用抗生素耐药率均呈上升趋势,尚未发现耐万古霉素的MRSA菌株。结论:金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌是医院获得性支气管-肺感染老年患者的主要致病菌;应根据药敏试验合理使用抗生素,以减少医院获得性支气管-肺感染的发生、提高治愈率、控制致病菌日益增加的耐药趋势。
Objective: To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with hospital-acquired bronchopulmonary infection, drug-resistant status and treatment strategies. Methods: The distribution and drug resistance of 52 pathogenic bacteria isolated from the sputum of 48 hospital-acquired elderly patients with bronchial-lung infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The top five strains of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with hospital-acquired bronchopulmonary infection were Staphylococcus aureus (21.15%), Escherichia coli (17.30%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.38% ), Acinetobacter baumannii (accounting for 13.46%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.54%). The resistance rate of all pathogenic bacteria to commonly used antibiotics showed an upward trend, and vancomycin-resistant MRSA strains were not found yet. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the main pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with hospital-acquired bronchopulmonary infection. According to the drug susceptibility test Rational use of antibiotics to reduce hospital-acquired bronchial-lung infections, improve cure rates, and control the growing trend toward drug-resistant pathogens.