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湿地调查是湿地保护和合理利用的基础。该研究基于 Landsat TM 遥感数据,采用计算机自动分类和目视解译相结合的方法,完成了山东省盐碱类湿地信息提取和分类。研究显示,滩涂湿地为第一大盐碱类湿地类型,所占面积比例为 33.8%;第二大盐碱类湿地类型为盐田,所占面积比例为20.3%;其次是重盐碱化湿地,占 18.5%。山东省盐碱类湿地以天然湿地为主,占盐碱类湿地总面积的 60.1%。天然湿地的生物多样性、生态功能和价值远远高于人工湿地,而天然湿地数量减少、功能退化的趋势仍在继续,保护有限的天然湿地资源,刻不容缓。
Wetland survey is the basis of wetland protection and rational utilization. Based on the Landsat TM remote sensing data, this study uses the method of computer automatic classification and visual interpretation to complete the extraction and classification of salty-wetland information in Shandong Province. The study shows that the wetland of the tidal flat is the largest type of wetland of the largest salinity, accounting for 33.8% of the total area; the second is the saline land of the type of saline land, accounting for 20.3% of the total area; the second is the salinization wetland, Accounting for 18.5%. Saline-alkali wetlands in Shandong Province are mainly natural wetlands, accounting for 60.1% of the total area of salty-wetlands. The biological diversity, ecological function and value of natural wetlands are far higher than those of constructed wetlands. However, the number of natural wetlands decreases and the trend of functional degradation continues. It is imperative to protect limited natural wetland resources.