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煤炭,这种不可再生但储量巨大的燃料不仅拯救了中国,也使大宋帝国成为人类历史上第一个进入近代的文明国家。在传统时代,不管是生活还是生产,人们一直以可再生的植物燃料为主。在一定的人口和生产模式之下,燃料的消耗与可再生速度基本是稳定的。但进入宋代之后,人口(特别是城市人口)出现大幅增加。200多年间,中国人口从3000万翻了两番,首次突破1亿。同时出现了近代工业。作为世界大国,大宋帝国的金融、陶瓷、冶金、纺织和制造等行业拥有全球领先的
Coal, a nonrenewable but huge reserve of fuel, not only saved China, but also made the Song Empire the first civilized nation to enter the modern history of mankind. In the traditional era, whether it is living or producing, people have always focused on renewable plant fuels. Under a certain population and production mode, the rate of fuel consumption and renewable energy is basically stable. However, after the Song Dynasty, the population (especially the urban population) increased sharply. Over 200 years, China’s population doubled from 30 million and exceeded 100 million for the first time. At the same time, modern industry appeared. As a world power, Song Dynasty Empire’s financial, ceramics, metallurgy, textile and manufacturing industries have the world’s leading