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采用ANSYS有限元软件模拟了4 mm厚TA2板材等离子弧焊接过程,计算分析了焊接过程中瞬态温度场分布特征,并在温度场的基础上采用热-应力耦合方法计算分析了TA2等离子弧焊接头应力场分布和焊件的变形特征。结果表明,接头焊缝形貌与实际焊接过程基本吻合,温度场分布呈椭圆形特征,并且在近焊缝处具有较高的温度梯度;焊件中应力呈现拉应力和压应力共存,在焊接过程的瞬态应力场中,热应力为主要因素,而在残余应力分布中,塑变应力为主要因素;焊接完成后的变形呈现角变形特征,最大变形量2.3 mm。
ANSYS finite element software was used to simulate the plasma arc welding process of 4 mm thick TA2 sheet. The transient temperature field distribution was calculated and analyzed. Based on the temperature field, the thermal and stress coupling method was used to analyze the TA2 plasma arc welding Head stress distribution and deformation characteristics of weldment. The results show that the weld joint morphology is basically consistent with the actual welding process, the temperature field distribution is oval, and has a high temperature gradient near the weld. In the weldment, the tensile stress and compressive stress coexist, In the process of transient stress field, the thermal stress is the main factor, while the plastic stress is the main factor in the residual stress distribution. The deformation after welding is characterized by angular deformation, the maximum deformation is 2.3 mm.