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目的了解上海市中学生家长饮酒相关知识、态度、行为现状,为从家庭方面开展青少年饮酒干预活动提供依据。方法采用自填问卷调查方法,对上海市46所中学(初中25所、普通高中11所、职业高中10所)4 550名学生家长进行调查。结果中学生家长饮酒相关健康知识平均总得分为(4.8±2.0)分,属于“一般”水平;但对于长期大量饮酒可导致的疾病知晓率较低,完全回答正确的比例仅占11.9%。对于孩子在各场合饮酒的态度,11.5%~19.0%的家长表示赞同,13.9%~16.2%的家长持无所谓态度。中学生家长过去1 a曾饮酒率较高(47.3%)。32.2%的家长未对孩子进行过针对饮酒危害知识教育。对饮酒相关知识、态度及行为方面的表现,母亲好于父亲,父亲好于其他监护人;初中生家长好于高中生家长,高中生家长好于职业高中家长。结论中学生家长对饮酒的健康危害认识不足,对于孩子饮酒行为的容忍度较高。建议开展针对中学生家长的饮酒危害健康教育,并把孩子的父亲及职业高中学生家长列为饮酒危害教育的重点人群。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of parents of middle school students in Shanghai in order to provide evidences for adolescent drinking intervention from family. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were used to survey 4 550 parents of 46 middle schools in Shanghai (25 junior high schools, 11 senior high schools and 10 vocational high schools). Results The average score of drinking related health knowledge of middle school students was (4.8 ± 2.0) points, which belonged to “general ” level. However, the awareness rate of diseases caused by long - term heavy drinking was low, and only 11.9% of them correctly answered correctly. For children’s attitude of drinking alcohol on various occasions, 11.5% ~ 19.0% of parents agreed that 13.9% ~ 16.2% of parents hold indifferent attitude. Secondary school parents have had a high rate of drinking in the past 1 a (47.3%). 32.2% of parents did not educate their children about drinking-endangering knowledge. The alcohol related knowledge, attitude and behavior of the performance of the mother is better than the father, the father is better than the other guardians; junior high school parents are better than high school parents, high school parents are better than the occupation high school parents. Conclusion Parents of middle school students do not know enough about the health hazards of drinking and tolerate children’s drinking behavior more. It is suggested that drinking alcohol endangering health education for parents of middle school students should be carried out, and the children’s father and parents of vocational high schools should be listed as the key people who drink alcohol education.