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为明确暗黑鳃金龟在夏大豆田的发生规律,2009~2012年在河南黄泛区采用灯光诱集、田间系统调查结合室内饲养的方法对暗黑鳃金龟年生活史、田间种群消长动态及主要危害习性等进行了系统研究。结果表明:暗黑鳃金龟在河南黄泛区1年发生1代,以老龄幼虫在土中越冬;暗黑鳃金龟越冬幼虫4月中旬开始化蛹,5月中旬蛹开始羽化,6月中旬成虫开始产卵,6月末卵开始孵化,8月下旬为3龄幼虫发生盛期,9月底老熟幼虫开始下移进入越冬状态;成虫发生期一般在5月中旬至9月下旬,始盛期在6月末至7月初,高峰期在7月中旬,盛末期在7月末至8月初,盛发期持续时间长达30 d以上;暗黑鳃金龟幼虫在夏大豆田危害主要在生长发育后期,明显不同于东北春大豆田蛴螬主要危害在苗期的情况。2009~2010年,暗黑鳃金龟成虫的年发生量显著上升,2009年诱集量为28 384头,2010年为52 484头,2010年以后,该害虫田间种群数量年度间呈显著下降趋势,2011年诱集量为16 256头,2012年仅为4 519头。可见目前该地区暗黑鰓金龟害虫种群已得到有效控制。
In order to clarify the regularity of Diabrotidae in summer soybean field, the light life cycle, the dynamics of population dynamics and the main damage habits of Diabete giganteus were studied by using light trapping from 2009 to 2012 in Henan yellow pantry. Conducted a systematic study. The results showed that the dark-headed Gill beetle occurred 1 year in the yellow pan-nam region of Henan Province, with the aged larva overwintering in the soil. The overwintering larva of Diabrinkia guttata began to pupate in mid-April, the pupae began to emerge in mid-May, and adults began to produce in mid-June Eggs began to hatch at the end of June, the third instar larvae peaked in late August, and the mature larvae started to migrate into overwintering state at the end of September. The incidence of adult worms usually ranged from mid-May to late September, From the beginning of July to the beginning of July, the peak period was from mid July to the end of July to the beginning of August, and the duration of the flourishing period was over 30 days. The damage of Diabrotica gigatica larva in summer soybean field was mainly in the late growth and development stage, Soybean 蛴 螬 major hazards in the seedling situation. From 2009 to 2010, the annual occurrence of adult adults of Diabrotidae increased significantly, with 28 384 heads in 2009 and 52 484 heads in 2010. After 2010, the pest population showed a significant downward trend in the number of years. The annual catch was 16,256 heads, compared with 4 519 heads in 2012. It can be seen that the population of the Diabrotidae pest population in the area has been effectively controlled.