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能的转化与守恒定律是自然界的普遍规律,也是我们研究自然科学的有力武器。在高中物理中,大家都知道,只有重力做功的情形下,动能与势能之间才可以互相转化,但总量(机械能)保持不变。笔者在教学中发现,在静电场中如果只有电场力做功或只有重力和电场力做功的情况下,机械能与电势能之间也可以互相转化,但总量(总能量)保持不变。在教学中,我们如果能应用“斗转星移”的招式,可迅速破解静电学难题。
The law of the conversion and conservation of energy is a universal law in nature, and it is also a powerful weapon for us to study the natural sciences. In high school physics, we all know that only in the case of gravity work, kinetic energy and potential energy can be transformed into each other, but the total amount (mechanical energy) remains unchanged. In the teaching, the author found that in the electrostatic field, if there is only electric force work or only gravity and electric field force work, the mechanical energy and potential energy can also be converted to each other, but the total amount (total energy) remains unchanged. In teaching, if we can apply the “move to move ” move, you can quickly solve the electrostatic problem.