一、引言磨削是机器制造工艺中精加工的主要方法。生产实际表明,磨削是大多数重要零件制造过程中的最终工序,直接影响零件的表面性质及其使用性能。因此,提高磨削表面质量是机械加工的迫切任务之一。表面光洁度是零件表面质量最重要的指标之一。研究磨削表面微观不平度的形成机理,有助于全面掌握磨削表面光洁净的变化规律,弄清高光洁度磨削过程的本质,从而为磨床、磨具和磨削工艺的改进提供线索。从五十年代起,各国对磨削表面微观不平度的形成过程及其变化规律,进行了不少的研 I. Introduction Grinding is the main method of finishing in the machine manufacturing process. The actual production shows that grinding is the final process in the manufacture of most important parts and directly affects the surface properties of the parts and their serviceability. Therefore, to improve the quality of the grinding surface is one of the urgent tasks of machining. Surface finish is one of the most important indicators of part surface quality. Studying the formation mechanism of the microscopic roughness of the grinding surface is helpful to fully grasp the variation law of the cleanliness of the grinding surface and clarify the essence of the grinding process of the high quality finish so as to provide clues for the improvement of the grinding machine, the grinding tool and the grinding process. Since the 1950s, various countries have made a lot of research on the formation process and variation of microscopic roughness on the grinding surface