腮腺是重要的唾液腺,易患慢性炎症和肿瘤而需手术切除。自本世纪初腮腺手术兴起以来,腮腺的局部解剖学引起了解剖学工作者和临床医生的广泛兴趣,他们用各种方法研究了腮腺的形态特点及其与面神经的关系,积累了丰富的资料;而解剖学的发展,又促进了腮腺手术的进展。现将腮腺的局部解剖学特点及其应用的有关文献资料综述如下。一、下颌后窝下颌后窝简称颌后窝,是一肌骨性凹陷床,主要被腮腺所占据,有的作者称之为 Parotid gland is an important salivary gland, susceptible to chronic inflammation and cancer and require surgical resection. Since the rise of parotid surgery at the beginning of this century, the local anatomy of the parotid gland has drawn widespread interest among anatomists and clinicians. They studied the morphological features of the parotid gland and its relationship with the facial nerve in various ways and accumulated a wealth of data ; While the development of anatomy, but also promoted the progress of parotid surgery. Now the local anatomical features of the parotid gland and its application of the relevant literature data are summarized below. First, the mandibular posterior fossa posterior mandibular fossa short posterior fossa, is a musculoskeletal depression bed, mainly occupied by the parotid gland, and some authors call it