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【目的】了解镇江市小学生抑郁发生情况,探讨影响抑郁障碍发生的相关因素。【方法】采用分层整群抽样方法,用自编一般情况调查表及儿童抑郁性情绪筛查表对镇江城乡749名小学生进行调查。【结果】小学生抑郁障碍总检出率为4.41%,男童检出率为2.14%,女童检出率为2.27%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。城乡男女童抑郁检出率均未见性别差异(P>0.05)。单因素分析发现母亲文化、母亲职业、抚养人类型、对儿童是否打骂、儿童睡眠情况等与儿童抑郁发生相关,多元逐步回归分析发现母亲文化、是否打骂儿童、儿童睡眠与儿童抑郁发生显著相关(P值均<0.01)。【结论】小学生抑郁是较常见的一种情绪障碍,母亲文化程度低及家长对儿童打骂、儿童睡眠时间少等是小学生抑郁障碍的影响因素。
【Objective】 To understand the incidence of depression among pupils in Zhenjiang and to explore the related factors that affect the occurrence of depression. 【Method】 A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 749 primary school students in urban and rural areas of Zhenjiang using self-compiled questionnaire and depression depression sentiment checklist. 【Results】 The total prevalence rate of depression was 4.41% in pupils, 2.14% in boys and 2.27% in girls, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). There was no gender difference in the prevalence of depression between urban and rural boys and girls (P> 0.05). Univariate analysis found that maternal culture, maternal occupation, dependency type, beating children, children’s sleep and so on were correlated with children’s depression. Multiple stepwise regression analysis found that maternal culture, whether beating children, children’s sleep and children’s depression were significant Correlation (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Pupils ’depression is a common emotional disorder, with low level of maternal education and parents’ scolding of children, and less children’s sleep time are the influencing factors of depression among pupils.