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在雷击风险评估中,考虑到周围建筑物对评估对象截收面积的影响而引入了位置因子,但是由于周围建筑物的高低、远近等的不同,对评估对象截收面积的影响差别很大,根据现行雷击风险评估标准中给出的位置因子的取值,为典型经验值,导致了计算结果缺乏针对性,误差较大。针对以上问题,本文通过公式推导得出了位置因子的精细化计算模型,并通过对常见建筑物进行参数取样分析,探索式的引出了位置因子和评估对象高度的关系。发现当评估对象周边环境一定时,位置因子跟评估对象自身的尺寸参数息息相关,其中与评估对象的高度呈指数函数关系。
In the lightning risk assessment, the location factor is introduced in consideration of the influence of the surrounding buildings on the area of the assessment object. However, the influence on the area of the assessment object varies greatly due to the difference of the surrounding buildings, According to the value of the location factor given in the current lightning risk assessment standard, which is a typical empirical value, the calculation result is lack of pertinence and the error is relatively large. In order to solve the above problems, this paper derives the elaborate calculation model of position factor through the formula, and through the parameter sampling analysis of common buildings, explores the relationship between the position factor and the height of the evaluation object. It is found that when the surrounding environment of the evaluation object is constant, the position factor is closely related to the size parameter of the evaluation object itself, and the height of the evaluation object is an exponential function.