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通常在考虑极化电压对电容传声器灵敏度的影响时,仅只考虑了单纯由于极化电压变化所造成的影响。根据这样的考虑,此种影响可用下式表示: ΔL_E=21log E′/E,其中,E为电容传声器所规定的极化电压的标称值,E′=F+ΔE,ΔE为极化电压的变化值。这个公式与实际结果之间存在着明显的偏差,见下图。之所以会产生这样的偏差,是由于没有考虑到当极化电压变化时静电场也发生变化,从而引起电容传声器后极板与膜片间的距离有所改变。而距离的变化将使电容传声器的灵敏度发生变化。本文讨论由于此种距离变化所造成的影响。
When considering the effect of polarization voltage on the sensitivity of condenser microphones, only the effects due to polarization changes are considered. Based on this consideration, the effect is given by: ΔL_E = 21 log E ’/ E, where E is the nominal value of the polarization voltage specified by the condenser microphone, E’ = F + ΔE and ΔE is the polarization voltage The value of change. There is a clear bias between this formula and the actual result, as shown in the following figure. The reason why there will be such a deviation is due to not taking into account when the polarization voltage changes when the electrostatic field also changes, resulting in condenser microphone plate and the distance between the plate after the change. The change in distance will change the sensitivity of the condenser microphone. This article discusses the impact of this distance change.