一叔本华有一段寓言:一群豪猪在一个寒冷的冬天挤在一起取暖,但是他们的刺毛互相击刺,于是不得不分散开。可是寒冷又把他们驱赶到一起,同样的事又发生了。最后,经过几番聚散,他们发现最好是彼此保持相当的距离,这个距离足以使他们既不互相刺痛对方,又满足了取暖的需要。同样,群 A Schopenhauer has a fable: a group of Porcupine crowded together in a cold winter heating, but their bristles stab each other, so had to disperse. But cold again driven them together, the same thing happened. Finally, after several breaks, they found it best to keep a considerable distance from one another, a distance enough for them neither to sting each other nor to heat their needs. Again, the group