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利用微卫星(SSR)标记,分析来自欧洲和中国的30个核盘菌菌株的遗传多样性和群体结构。结果表明,3对微卫星引物共扩增出21条清晰的谱带,平均每对引物扩增7条谱带,片段长度为158bp～358bp。根据SSR分析结果,30个核盘菌分离物具有较高的遗传相似性。物种水平的Nei遗传多样性指数为0.139 3,Shannon多样性指数为0.248 8。不同菌株群体的Nei遗传距离都较小,为0.009 6～0.049 6。其中俄罗斯群体和奥地利及英国群体之间的遗传距离最大。从30个菌株的UPGMA聚类分析结果看,核盘菌群体结构与地理来源没有明显的直接关系。许多地理来源相同的菌株分散在不同的组里。仅第三组组内的菌株地理来源一致,均来自于中国,且遗传距离比其他菌株的远。群体遗传分析显示,总群体的基因流比较高(2.111 6),基因分化系数比较低(0.191 5)。
Microsatellite DNA (SSR) markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 30 S. sclerotiorum strains from Europe and China. The results showed that 21 pairs of microsatellite primers amplified a total of 21 clear bands, with an average of 7 bands per primer pair. The fragment length ranged from 158 bp to 358 bp. According to the results of SSR analysis, 30 S. sclerotiorum isolates had higher genetic similarity. Nei’s genetic diversity index was 0.139 3 and Shannon’s diversity index was 0.248 8 at species level. The Nei genetic distance of different strains was small, ranging from 0.009 6 to 0.049 6. Among them, the genetic distance between the Russians and the Austrians and the British is the largest. According to the results of UPGMA cluster analysis of 30 strains, there is no obvious direct relationship between the population structure of S. sclerotiorum and geographical origin. Many strains of the same geographical origin are scattered in different groups. Only the third group of isolates belonged to the same geographical origin, all from China, and the genetic distance was longer than that of other strains. Population genetic analysis showed that the total population had a high gene flow (2.111 6) and a low coefficient of genetic differentiation (0.191 5).