目的探讨双胎体重不均衡与母亲妊娠期合并症及新生儿疾病的关系。方法回顾性分析2010—2011年在我院分娩、并住我院新生儿重症监护病房治疗的双胎,双胎新生儿体重差≥20%为体重不均衡组,<20%为体重均衡组,比较两组母亲合并症情况及两组新生儿结局。结果共纳入74对双胎,其中体重不均衡组31对,占41.9%,母亲合并妊娠期高血压综合征、胎膜早破、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、妊娠期糖尿病的比例均明显高于体重均衡组[41.9%比16.3%,32.2%比9.3%,35.5%比11.6%,25.8%比7.0%,P<0.05]。体重不均衡组新生儿窒息、肺炎、高胆红素血症、呼吸窘迫综合征、贫血、红细胞增多症、喂养不耐受的发生率均高于体重均衡组[16.1%比4.6%,19.4%比4.6%,12.9%比3.5%,17.7%比4.6%,17.7%比5.8%,14.5%比3.5%,19.4%比4.6%,P<0.05]。Logistic多元回归分析显示,母亲合并妊娠期高血压综合征、肝内胆汁淤积症、糖尿病,以及新生儿窒息、肺炎、高胆红素血症、呼吸窘迫综合征、贫血、喂养不耐受均与双胎体重不均衡有关。结论母亲妊娠期合并症与双胎体重不均衡有关,而双胎体重不均衡可能为新生儿疾病的影响因素。 Objective To investigate the relationship between the imbalanced weight of the twins and maternal complications during pregnancy and neonatal diseases. Methods A retrospective analysis of 2010-2011 birth in our hospital, and live in our hospital neonatal intensive care unit treatment of twins, twins weight difference ≥ 20% of the body weight imbalance group, <20% of the body weight balance group, Comparing the two groups of maternal complications and two groups of neonatal outcomes. Results A total of 74 pairs of twins were enrolled. Among them, 31 pairs were unbalanced, accounting for 41.9%. Maternal combined gestational hypertension syndrome, premature rupture of membranes, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus were significantly higher In the weight-balance group [41.9% vs. 16.3%, 32.2% vs. 9.3%, 35.5% vs. 11.6%, 25.8% vs. 7.0%, P <0.05]. The incidence of neonatal asphyxia, pneumonia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress syndrome, anemia, polycythemia and feeding intolerance in unbalanced groups was higher than that of the normal body weight group [16.1% vs 4.6% vs 19.4% Compared to 4.6%, 12.9% vs 3.5%, 17.7% vs 4.6%, 17.7% vs 5.8%, 14.5% vs 3.5%, 19.4% vs 4.6%, P <0.05]. Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that maternal combined gestational hypertension, intrahepatic cholestasis, diabetes mellitus, neonatal asphyxia, pneumonia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress syndrome, anemia, and feeding intolerance were associated with Unbalanced twin weight related. Conclusions The maternal complications during pregnancy are related to the imbalance of the twins, and the imbalance of the twins may be the influencing factor of the neonatal diseases.