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写作离不开思维活动的参与,本文将从写作文化学的角度探求蕴含在写作过程中的思维方式。 一 注目中国古老的写作长河,不难发现这样基本事实:“意象”是这一长河的源头。 中国素有“诗国”之称。抒情诗的特质,在于通过意境的实现,教人感受“天地之美”和宇宙之和谐,教人在物我交融,主客一体中领悟宇宙之奥秘——庄严、神圣的“道”,从而使人从“天人合一”走向“人人合一”。因此说:中国诗不仅是审美的,而且是认知的。 比较一下《周易》的卦象、卦爻辞和《诗经》的“比兴”,我们可以发现中国诗与中国哲学是同源的,中国诗与中国思维方式具有内在的逻辑。那么,中国诗的认知方式当可用中国思维方式来说明,反过来,对于中国诗的认知过程的分析,又可加深对中国思维方式特质的理解。因此,中国写作最早表现出来的意象统一、情理统一,便是中国思维方式的奥秘所在。那么,什么是“意象”呢?
Writing is inseparable from the participation of thinking activities. This article will explore the ways of thinking embodied in the writing process from the perspective of writing culture. With an eye on the long history of Chinese writing, it is not hard to find the basic fact that “imagery” is the source of this long river. China is known as “poetic country”. The characteristic of lyric poetry lies in teaching people how to experience the beauty of heaven and earth and the harmony of the universe through the realization of artistic conception, telling people to comprehend the mystery of the universe - solemn and sacred “Tao” From “harmony between man and nature” to “unity of all”. Therefore: Chinese poetry is not only aesthetic but also cognitive. When we compare the images of the Book of Changes with the hexagrams of the Book of Changes and the “Bi Xing” of The Book of Songs, we can find that Chinese poetry is homologous to Chinese philosophy, and that Chinese poetry and Chinese thinking have an inherent logic. Then, the way of Chinese poetry’s cognition can be illustrated by Chinese way of thinking. On the other hand, the analysis of the cognitive process of Chinese poetry can deepen the understanding of the qualities of Chinese way of thinking. Therefore, the earliest manifestations of Chinese writing are the unification of images and the unification of reasons and feelings, which are the mysteries of the Chinese way of thinking. So, what is “image”?