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采用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为混合溶剂制备PVDF超滤膜。考察了不同混合比例的DMAC和NMP对膜性能及膜结构的影响,同时利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对膜表面及断面结构进行分析,原子力学显微镜(AFM)对膜表面粗糙度进行了分析,利用接触角测量仪对膜表面接触角进行了测量。结果表明,使用混合溶剂对膜孔径和膜亚层结构影响较大,但混合溶剂对膜孔隙率和接触角基本没有影响。当混合溶剂DMAC/NMP为1:2时,膜性能达到最优,孔隙率为70%,平均孔径为0.24μm,水通量为373 L.m-2.h-1,截留率为88%。
PVDF membrane was prepared by using N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as mixed solvent. The effects of DMAC and NMP with different mixing ratios on membrane properties and membrane structure were investigated. The surface and cross-sectional structure of membrane were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface roughness of membrane was analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) The contact angle of the membrane surface was measured using a contact angle meter. The results show that the use of mixed solvents on the membrane pore size and membrane sub-layer structure of a greater impact, but the mixed solvent on the membrane porosity and contact angle basically no effect. When the DMAC / NMP ratio is 1: 2, the performance of the membrane is optimized, the porosity is 70%, the average pore size is 0.24μm, the water flux is 373 L.m-2.h-1, and the rejection rate is 88%.