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一、绪论从考古发掘出土的实物可知中国早在二千多年前的汉代就已经出现了家具。从先秦两汉席地而坐的家具演变到唐代垂足而坐的家具,家具的设计制作一直围绕以满足人类的实用需求为目的的。直至到了明代中期,家具的设计制作除了在完成使用功能方面达剑了前所未有的高度外,还同时满足人的另一方面的需求。古朴、典雅及制作上一丝不苟的明式家具,不仅带给人生理上的舒适,还带来了精神上的无限享受。基于商品经济的发展、手工业的进步及对外交流的开展、文人十大夫的参与,这时期的家具无论在设计工艺制造水平,还是艺术造诣上都达到了登峰造极的地步。简练、淳朴、厚拙、凝重、雄伟、圆浑、沉穆、浓华、文绮、妍秀、劲挺、委婉、空灵、玲
First, the introduction Excavated from the archaeological excavations revealed that China as early as 2,000 years ago in the Han Dynasty have appeared furniture. The furniture from the seats of the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties evolved into the furniture that dwells and sits in the Tang Dynasty. The design and manufacture of the furniture has always centered on the purpose of meeting the practical needs of mankind. Until the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the design of furniture in addition to achieving the unprecedented use of functional aspects of the sword height, but also to meet the needs of the other hand. Simple, elegant and meticulous production of Ming-style furniture, not only to bring people the physical comfort, but also brought unlimited spiritual enjoyment. Based on the development of commodity economy, the progress of handicraft industry and the development of foreign exchange, the participation of the top ten gentlemen of the literati period, the furniture of this period reached its peak both in the level of design and manufacture of art and in artistic achievement. Concise, honest, thick, dignified, majestic, rounded, Shenmu, thick, Wen Qi, Yan show, Jin Ting, euphemism, ethereal, Ling