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量子通信是一个量子密钥分发过程,目前采用的通信技术严重制约了量子密钥分发的比特率.将多输入多输出(MIMO)技术应用于量子通信系统,提高量子密钥分发的比特率,促进量子通信向高速大容量发展.然而,量子场本身不可避免地存在量子噪声约束容量的增长,限制了可利用空间资源,即空间自由度.文中采用光子场的量子化和满足Schrdinger方程条件的电磁场波动方程推导出MIMO量子信道的空间自由度上限,为开发稳健的MIMO量子通信空时处理算法和优化设计高性能MIMO量子通信系统提供理论基础和技术支持.
Quantum communication is a quantum key distribution process, and the communication technology currently used severely restricts the bit-rate of quantum key distribution.Multi-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is applied to quantum communication system to improve the bit rate of quantum key distribution, And promote quantum communication to high-speed and high-capacity development.However, the quantum field itself inevitably has the growth of quantum noise constraining capacity, which limits the available space resources, namely the spatial freedom.In this paper, the photon field quantization and the Schrdinger equation The electromagnetic field wave equation of the condition deduces the upper limit of the space degree of freedom of the MIMO quantum channel, which provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the development of a robust space-time processing algorithm for MIMO quantum communication and optimization of high-performance MIMO quantum communication system.