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对2009~2015年在云南省边境地区流行的麻疹病毒进行分子流行病学研究,为边境地区麻疹防控策略的制定提供重要的实验室数据。本研究使用Vero/SLAM细胞对云南边境地区麻疹患者中采集的临床标本进行麻疹病毒分离,使用RT-PCR方法扩增阳性病毒核蛋白羧基末端的676个核甘酸,并进行序列测定和分析,随后基于N基因羧基末端450个核苷酸序列进行基因分型以及核苷酸和氨基酸变异分析。云南省自2004年开始开展麻疹病毒学监测,2009~2015年在边境地区共检测到麻疹病毒99株,其中H1a基因型病毒39株(39.4%),为本土流行株;A基因型3株(3.0%),为疫苗相关病例毒株;D9基因型51株(51.5%),D11基因型6株(6.1%),D基因型的比例高达分离毒株的57.6%,均为境外输入的基因型毒株。境外D9和D11型流行株的输入,对边境地区的麻疹疫情防控带来了一定的影响,特别是D9基因型一定时间段内在云南边境形成了持续流行,应引起足够的重视。
The molecular epidemiological study of measles virus in border areas of Yunnan Province from 2009 to 2015 provided important laboratory data for the development of measles prevention and control strategies in border areas. In this study, measles virus was isolated from clinical specimens collected from measles patients in Yunnan border areas using Vero / SLAM cells. 676 nucleotides of the carboxyl terminus of the positive viral nucleoprotein were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Genotyping and nucleotide and amino acid variation analysis based on 450 nucleotide sequences of the carboxyl terminus of N gene. Yunnan Province has been carrying out measles virology surveillance since 2004. A total of 99 measles isolates were detected in the border areas from 2009 to 2015, of which 39 were H1a genotypes (39.4%), 3 were A (genotype 3 3.0%) were vaccine related strains; 51 strains (51.5%) of D9 genotypes and 6 strains (6.1%) of D11 genotypes, and the proportion of D genotypes was 57.6% of that of isolates, which were all imported genes Type strains. The input of D9 and D11 outbreaks abroad has brought a certain impact on the epidemic prevention and control of measles in the border areas. In particular, the D9 genotype has formed a continuous epidemic in the Yunnan border within a certain period of time, which deserves enough attention.