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目的了解贵州省布依族自治州医院感染现状,为医院感染防控措施的制定提供依据。方法采用床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法,2014年9月10日—10月5日对贵州省布依族地区二级及二级以上医院进行医院感染现患率调查。结果应调查住院病例6 577例,实际调查6 541例,实查率99.45%。其中医院感染120例、127例次,医院感染现患率为1.83%,例次现患率为1.94%。医院感染居前3位的科室依次为综合重症监护病房(26.32%)、神经外科(6.10%)、儿科新生儿组5.13%;感染部位以下呼吸道居首位(39例次,30.71%),其次为皮肤软组织(24例次,18.90%),表浅切口(23例次,18.11%)。共检出病原体58株,以革兰阴性菌为主(44株),革兰阳性菌10株,真菌3株。调查日抗菌药物使用率为42.12%,其中治疗用药占64.75%,预防用药占26.83%,预防+治疗用药占8.42%;单一用药占79.53%,二联用药占19.89%,三联及以上用药占0.58%;治疗用药及治疗+预防用药患者细菌培养送检率为13.76%。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染现况,建议加强医院重点科室重点部位医院感染监测,有效降低医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the current status of nosocomial infection in Buyi Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province and provide basis for the establishment of prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection. Methods A combination of bedside survey and medical records was used to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in secondary and secondary hospitals in Buyi area of Guizhou Province from September 10 to October 5, 2014. Results There were 6 577 in-patient cases, 6 541 cases were actually investigated, and the actual investigation rate was 99.45%. Among them, 120 cases were hospital infection and 127 cases were hospital infection. The prevalence rate of hospital infection was 1.83%, and the prevalence rate was 1.94%. The top three departments of hospital infection were integrated ICU (26.32%), neurosurgery (6.10%) and pediatric neonates (5.13%), respiratory tract (39 cases, 30.71%) followed by infection, followed by Skin and soft tissue (24 cases, 18.90%), superficial incision (23 cases, 18.11%). A total of 58 pathogens were detected, mainly gram-negative bacteria (44 strains), 10 gram-positive bacteria and 3 fungi. On the survey day, the usage of antibacterials was 42.12%, of which 64.75% were for therapeutic use, 26.83% were for prophylactic use and 8.42% for prophylaxis and treatment; 79.53% for single use, 19.89% for dual use, and 0.58 for triple use and above %; Therapeutic drug treatment and prophylaxis drug delivery rate of bacterial culture was 13.76%. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection survey helps to understand the status of nosocomial infection, it is recommended to strengthen the hospital key departments of nosocomial infection surveillance, effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.