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造纸废水是中朝界河图们江的主要污染源之一。开山屯化学纤维浆厂每天放出的化学纤浆(DSP)和造纸用浆(SP)废水有10万多立方米。该厂为了治理纸浆废水,从一九七八年开始进行了生化处理中试。将经生化处理后的年产1000多万吨的活性污泥(以下简称“污泥”)如何处理,是既关系到该厂的废水治理的一个重大问题,又关系到图们江水系水资源的保护问题。本试验是田间和盆栽试验结合进行的。通过两年的研究结果,可得出如下几个结论:1.污泥对谷子、燕麦、大麦、小麦、水稻的生长与代谢有良好的影响,无论是低浓度还是高浓度的污泥灌溉都有增产效果,比不施肥增产差异为极显著或显著。2.等氮量的相对增产量表明,污泥的增产量高于碳铵的增产量。3.污泥可增加土壤中全氮、磷、钾和有机质的阳离子代换量以及持水、透水性、孔隙度等,对于改善土壤的理化性质有良好的影响。4.施用污泥对土壤、稻草、糙米中的重金属残毒影响不大,污泥中以 AS 作为重金属控制标准,每亩用量小于1500公斤时,74.7年内不会引起砷的土壤起始污染。
Papermaking wastewater is one of the major sources of pollution in the Tumen River, a boundary river between the two countries. The chemical pulp (DSP) and paper pulp (SP) wastewater released by Kaesitun chemical fiber pulp mill each day have more than 100,000 cubic meters. In order to treat the pulp waste water, the plant has been pilot-operated since 1978. The biochemical treatment of annual output of more than 10 million tons of activated sludge (hereinafter referred to as “sludge”) is how to deal with both the wastewater treatment plant is a major issue, but also related to the Tumen River water resources Protection issues. This test is carried out in field and pot experiments. Based on the results of two years, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Sludge has a good effect on the growth and metabolism of millet, oat, barley, wheat and rice, both in low and high concentrations There is a stimulation effect, which is more significant or significant than no fertilization. The relative increase of nitrogen yield showed that the yield of sludge was higher than that of ammonium bicarbonate. Sludge can increase the soil total N, P, K and organic matter cation exchange capacity as well as holding water, water permeability, porosity, etc., to improve soil physical and chemical properties have a good effect. 4. The application of sludge has little effect on remnants of heavy metals in soils, straw and brown rice. AS is used as heavy metal control standard in sludge. When the amount of acre is less than 1,500 kg per mu, initial pollution of arsenic soil will not occur within 74.7 years.