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从统计学历史到导弹防御系统,再到金融市场、碳交易、信贷风暴,麦肯齐以数学知识贯穿其中的研究主题从不仅是狭隘的学术研究。若将一个看似相当有限的技术问题置于社会、文化、科技、历史的脉络之下,即可解释清楚那些关乎人类生存的重要议题。有限论与描述指涉活动的“操演性”概念对于科学知识社会学、特别是经济学研究大有助益。贯穿爱丁堡学派理论主轴的是科学知识社会学的强纲领,以及由此发展而来并补强了强纲领的有限论。强纲领就某种意义上而言是方法论的,而有限论运用于科学上时,实质上更像是理论性的。建议中国科技与社会学界不要把STS想得太窄,这个领域最令人兴奋之处也许就是那些从传统议题中超脱出来的部分,应该将目光放在像这样的知识的良机上。
From the history of statistics to the missile defense system, to the financial markets, carbon trading, the credit crunch, the subject of research that McKenzie runs through mathematical knowledge has never been more than a narrow academic study. If a seemingly rather limited technical issue is placed in the context of society, culture, science and technology, and history, it will be possible to explain clearly those important issues concerning the survival of mankind. Finite argument and descriptive referential activity “performative” concept for sociology of scientific knowledge, in particular, great help in economic research. It is the strong program of Sociology of Scientific Knowledge that runs through the theoretical backbone of the Edinburgh School, and the limited theory that has evolved to reinforce the strong program. The strong program is, in a sense, methodological, and the limited theory applied to science is essentially more theoretical. It is suggested that Chinese science and sociology scholars should not think too narrowly about STS. Perhaps the most exciting part of this field is that those who have detached themselves from the traditional issues should pay attention to the opportunity of such knowledge.