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目的为了解上海市黄浦区结核病的发病规律及流行特性,及时掌握流行趋势,为制定辖区有效的结核病防控措施提供依据。方法对该区2009—2012年新登记肺结核病例资料进行描述和统计分析。结果 2009—2012年该区累计报告肺结核病例946例,查痰率为99.79%,涂阳检出率为38.98%;该区居民以中老年发病为主,外来人口以中青年发病为主;男女发病比为2.45∶1;患者职业中离退休人员居首位,占30.02%;新发涂阳治愈率为84.32%,复发涂阳治愈率为82.81%;年龄小于60岁者治愈率为87.08%,年龄大于等于60岁者治愈率仅为76.92%。结论该区居民2009—2012年肺结核疫情相对较稳定,疫情仍处可防可控状态;老年人和外来人口的肺结核病成为该区结核病防治工作中亟需关注的问题。针对影响本区结核病疫情及转归的主要因素,必须予以足够重视,积极采取相应措施,从而降低该区的肺结核发病率。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Huangpu District of Shanghai and to keep abreast of epidemic trends in order to provide evidence for effective tuberculosis prevention and control measures in the area. Methods The data of newly registered cases of tuberculosis from 2009 to 2012 in this area were described and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 946 cases of tuberculosis were reported in this district during 2009-2012. The sputum sampling rate was 99.79% and the smear positive rate was 38.98%. Residents in this area were mainly middle-aged and elderly people, The incidence of illness was 2.45:1. Among the occupational retirees, 30.02% were retired, 84.32% were newly smeared positive smears and 82.81% were smear positive smears. The cure rate of patients younger than 60 years was 87.08% , The age of 60 or older were only 76.92% cure rate. Conclusion The epidemic situation of tuberculosis in residents in this area is relatively stable from 2009 to 2012, and the epidemic situation is still controllable and preventable. The tuberculosis among the elderly and migrants becomes the urgent concern in tuberculosis prevention and control work in this area. In view of the main factors influencing the outbreak and the outcome of tuberculosis in this area, we must pay enough attention to it and take corresponding measures proactively so as to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis in this area.