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目的:了解和掌握海北州碘缺乏病防治现状,为今后制定防治措施和策略提供参考依据。方法:2009年在海晏、刚察、祁连和门源4个县按东、南、西、北、中方位分别调查5所乡中心小学,共调查20所小学校。在每个小学原则抽取80名(8～10)岁小学生采用触诊法检查甲状腺大小,检测其中20名学生的尿碘水平。每所小学抽取30名五年级学生进行健康教育问卷调查;按照家庭食用盐的抽样《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(试行)》进行。结果:(8～10)岁儿童甲状腺肿大率5.41%(82/1515),其中,门源和海晏超过国家消除碘缺乏病消除标准分别为7.16%(30/419)、5.50%(17/309),刚察最低为3.99%(16/401);(8～10)岁儿童尿碘水平的尿碘中位数223.1μg/L,尿碘<50μg/L的占3.2%(14/429),海晏县<50μg/L的最高为4.8%(5/104);居民合格碘盐食用率为94.53%(1 123/1 188),门源最低为93.75(270)/288,海晏最高为95.33(286/300);五年级学生碘缺乏病防治知识问卷调查平均分为3.0分,最低为刚察2.49分,祁连最高为3.65分。结论:海北州通过多年碘缺乏病防治,取得了显著的成绩,但局部地区病情仍然高于国家消除标准,因此,需要加强碘盐监测和碘缺乏病防治知识宣传等方面的工作。
Objective: To understand and master the status quo of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Haibei prefecture and to provide reference for the formulation of prevention and control measures and strategies in the future. Methods: In 2009, five township primary schools were surveyed in the east, south, west, north and middle positions of Haiyan, Gangcha, Qilian and Menyuan counties in a total of 20 primary schools. Eighty (8-10) -year-old pupils in each primary school were examined by palpation for the thyroid size, and the urine iodine level of 20 students was tested. 30 primary school students from each primary school were asked to conduct a questionnaire on health education. The sampling of “national iodine deficiency disorders monitoring program (for trial implementation)” was conducted according to the sample of household edible salt. Results: The prevalence of goiter was 5.41% (82/1515) in children aged 8-10 years, of which the incidence of iodine deficiency deficiency was 7.16% (30/419) and 5.50% (17% / 309), the lowest was 3.99% (16/401). The median urinary iodine of urinary iodine level in children aged 8-10 years was 223.1μg / L, urinary iodine <50μg / L accounted for 3.2% (14 / 429), Haiyen <50μg / L, the highest was 4.8% (5/104), the qualified iodized salt was 94.53% (1 123/1 188) and the lowest source was 93.75 (270) / 288 Yan up to 95.33 (286/300); fifth grade students knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control questionnaire survey average of 3.0 points, the lowest for the check 2.49 points, Qilian highest 3.65 points. Conclusion: Haibei Prefecture achieved remarkable results through years of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. However, the condition in some areas is still higher than the national elimination standards. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen knowledge on iodine salt monitoring and prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.