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目的探讨医务人员和手术患者HBV医院感染特点是否相同。方法在HBsAg携带者传染性定量测定的基础上,比较医、患双方HBV医院感染在易感性和感染预后、传播方式和入体血量、免疫能力和防护方法方面的差异。结果 15.7%手术患者HBsAg阳性者,HBV浓度在0~109ID/ml,9.0%的HBsAg阴性者HBV DNA阳性,病毒浓度在0~104ID/ml;乙肝疫苗接种前HBV经单层手套传播的感染阈值为105ID/ml,经双层手套传播的感染阈值为106ID/ml。乙肝疫苗接种后HBV经单层手套传播的感染阈值为108.5ID/ml,经双层手套传播的感染阈值为109.5ID/ml;使用单层手套时只有0.6%HBsAg阳性者可成为传染源,使用双层手套可使传染性消失。结论医务人员和住院患者HBV医院感染特点存在很大差异,防护措施也应有所区别。
Objective To investigate whether the characteristics of HBV infection in medical staff and surgical patients are the same. Methods Based on the transmissible quantitative measurement of HBsAg carriers, we compared the differences in the susceptibility and infection prognosis, the mode of transmission, the amount of blood transfused, the immunocompetence and the protective methods in both hospitalized and contracted HBV hospitals. Results HBV DNA was positive in 0 ~ 109ID / ml and 9.0% of HBsAg negative patients in 15.7% of the patients undergoing surgery. The HBV DNA level was 0 ~ 104ID / ml. The infection threshold of HBV by monolayer before HBV vaccination At 105 ID / ml, the infection threshold transmitted by the double glove was 106 ID / ml. The infection threshold of HBV transmitted by single-layer gloves after Hepatitis B vaccination was 108.5ID / ml, and the infection threshold transmitted by double-layer gloves was 109.5ID / ml. Only 0.6% of HBsAg-positive patients could be source of infection when using single-layer gloves Double gloves can make contagious disappear. Conclusion There are great differences in the characteristics of nosocomial infection among medical staffs and inpatients, and the protective measures should be different.