20世纪是我国文学理论批评大变革、大发展的时代，是中国古典文论、西方近现代文论相互区别、碰撞、吸收、会通，形成以马克思主义为指导的中国文学理论现代学术体系的过程。这个过程经历了发轫期、创建期、发展期、基本形成期四个阶段。 The twentieth century is an era of great change and great development in the criticism of literary theory in our country. It is the time when modern Chinese literary theory and modern literary theory in the West are mutually different, collide, absorb, communicate and form the modern academic system of Chinese literary theory under the guidance of Marxism process. This process has undergone four stages of development, creation, development and basic formation.