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板料激光弯曲成形是一种柔性、无模成形新工艺 ,它通过激光扫描金属板料所导致的非均匀热应力使板料产生塑性变形。材料的性能参数 (包括力学性能与热物理性能 )对激光弯曲成形的影响很大 ,通过三维热机耦合有限元仿真研究了材料性能参数与板料激光弯曲角度之间的相关性 ,研究表明 ,小弹性模量、低屈服强度的材料容易产生大的弯曲变形。热膨胀系数与弯曲角度之间成正比关系 ,当热膨胀系数趋于零时 ,弯曲角度也趋于零。小的热传导系数有利于形成大的温度梯度 ,从而使板料产生大的弯曲变形 ;比热越小 ,加热区内材料的温升越大 ,使板料容易弯曲变形。
Sheet metal laser bending is a flexible, dieless forming new technology, which makes the sheet plastic deformation by laser scanning of non-uniform thermal stress caused by sheet metal. The performance parameters of the material (including mechanical properties and thermophysical properties) have a great influence on the laser bending forming. The correlation between the material performance parameters and the laser bending angle of the sheet metal is studied by the three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled finite element simulation. The results show that small Materials with a low modulus of elasticity and a low yield strength are susceptible to large bending strains. The coefficient of thermal expansion is proportional to the angle of curvature, and as the coefficient of thermal expansion approaches zero, the angle of curvature tends to zero. Small thermal conductivity is conducive to the formation of a large temperature gradient, resulting in sheet metal bending deformation; heat is smaller, the greater the temperature rise of the material, the sheet easily bend.