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生长抑素属血管收缩剂,可减少门脉系统的血流量而降低门脉压,其血浆半衰期为1～3分钟。Wahren 等给正常人静脉滴注生长抑素10μg/min(或8.6μg/kg·h),60min 可减少内脏血流(SBF)30%,滴注后的前10分钟反应最明显,并持续于整个滴注期,停药后10分钟作用完全消失。Tyden 等报道,正常人静脉推注生长抑素1μg/kg,1min 后SBF 减少44%,30秒内开始下降,90秒下降最显著,并认为可能是药物直接作用于血管平滑肌所致。Tydren 等用生长抑素治疗食管静脉曲张出血,静脉推注250μg 后滴注250μg/h。滴注5小时结束后即出现复发性大出血,但再次滴注100μg/h 至15小时出血即放控制。在随后的研究中发现,滴注1min 生长抑素1μg/kg 可使肝静脉楔压(WHVP)降低35%,而平均动脉压仅轻度升高。作者将止血归因于门脉压减低,并指出该药无副作用,也无全身性血压变化。一些双盲对照试验表明,生长抑素对控制非静脉曲张的上消化道出血和减少紧急手术有一定效果.
Somatostatin vasoconstrictors, can reduce the portal system of blood flow and reduce portal pressure, the plasma half-life of 1 to 3 minutes. Wahren and other normal intravenous infusion of somatostatin 10μg / min (or 8.6μg / kg · h), 60min can reduce the visceral blood flow (SBF) 30%, the first 10 minutes after the infusion the most obvious reaction, and continued in The entire drip period, the role of 10 minutes after stopping completely disappear. Tyden and other reports, normal intravenous infusion of somatostatin 1μg / kg, 1min SBF decreased 44%, 30 seconds began to decline, the most significant decline in 90 seconds, and that the drug may be directly caused by vascular smooth muscle. Tydren and other somatostatin treatment of esophageal varices bleeding, intravenous injection of 250μg 250μg / h after instillation. Recurrent bleeding occurs after 5 hours of instillation, but bleeding is controlled by another 100 μg / h to 15 hours of instillation. In a subsequent study, it was found that a 1-minute infusion of somatostatin at 1 μg / kg reduced WHVP by 35%, while mean arterial pressure increased only slightly. The authors attributed the hemostasis to a decrease in portal pressure, pointing out that the drug has no side effects and no systemic BP changes. Some double-blind controlled trials show that somatostatin has some effect on upper gastrointestinal bleeding that controls non-varices and reduces emergency surgery.