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关于老子道论两种意义相互矛盾的问题,20世纪三四十年代的学者们曾有所探讨,但并无定论,近年来关于老子的研究对此问题基本忽略。依据《庄子·胠箧》一文,分析老子道论中政治谋略与回归自然两种精神倾向的内涵和关系,可以发现其政治谋略思想既以自然之道为指导,又以回归自然为目的,两者是互为手段与目的的辩证关系,不但不相矛盾,反而共同构成了老子的基于自然之道的政治观,从而更好地理解老子的政治思想与自然观。
There are two kinds of contradictory questions about Taoism of Lao Tzu. Some scholars in the 1930s and 1940s discussed this issue, but there is no conclusion. In recent years, the research on Lao Tzu has basically ignored this issue. Based on the article “Zhuangzi 胠 箧,” I analyze the connotation and relationship of political mentality and return to nature in Taoism of Lao Tzu. We can find that the idea of political strategy is not only guided by the way of nature, but also aimed at returning to nature Is a dialectical relationship between each other means and purpose, not only not contradictory, but together constitute the political view of Lao Tzu based on nature, so as to better understand Lao Tzu’s political ideas and views of nature.