本文旨在介绍影响二冲程柴油机气缸磨损的诸多因素和寻找减轻磨损率的方法。运用严重磨损区理论和一般测量方法，确定了气缸套纵向方向上的磨损率，并且得出与预期一致的结论。采用合适的燃油、润滑油和具有镀铬层和铸铁层的硬化气缸套会显著地将磨损率降为最小。在设计气缸时，改变气缸壁上作用力的作用方式也会有效地减小磨损。 This article aims to introduce the factors that affect the wear and tear on two-stroke diesel cylinders and to find ways to reduce wear rates. Using the severe wear zone theory and general measurement methods, the wear rate in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder liner was determined, and the conclusion consistent with the expectation was obtained. Hardened cylinder liners with the right fuel, lubricants, and chrome and cast iron layers significantly reduce wear rates to a minimum. In the design of the cylinder, changing the role of the cylinder wall mode of action will effectively reduce the wear and tear.