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20世纪20年代的中国,政府更迭频繁,军阀争地夺利,土匪横行乡里,列强也未放弃分权攫利。一幕由政府、军阀、洋人、土匪共同演出的以命相搏的丑剧比以往任何一个时代都显得精彩。发生于1923年的山东临城孙美瑶匪众劫持火车案,充分地体现了土匪与政府、洋人、军阀之间扑朔迷离的关系。在这场本来力量并不均等的角逐中,势力最弱者土匪,准确地抓住了以命换生存的博弈原则,以洋人为博弈的筹码,在与政府、军阀的博弈中取得了暂时的成功。
In the 1920s, in China, the government changed frequently and the warlords plundered their victories. The bandits rampant and the powers did not give up the decentralization and profit-taking. The scene of fooling around with a show of government, warlords, foreigners and bandits has become more exciting than ever before. Occurred in 1923 Shandong Lincheng Sumei Yao bandits hijacked the train, fully embodies the bandits and the government, foreigners, warlords bewildering relationship. In this unequal competition, the weakest bandits accurately captured the game principle of survival in exchange for survival and won the temporary success of the game with foreigners in the game with the government and warlords .