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从本世纪六十年代以来,世界上不少国家和地区,由于公害和自然灾害日益严重,人民的生产和生活受到威胁。这些严酷的事实,引起了各国对自然生态系统的重视。罗马俱乐部大声疾呼地警告人们“……大自然正遭到掠夺,森林遭到烧毁或砍光,生态系统被破坏,人类将无法生存下去”。联合国为此召开了一系列的专门会议,讨论保护环境,保护自然资源,保护生态系统。从一九七一年开始,组织全球性的“人与生物圈”计划(MAB),一九七二年发表了第一个人类环境宣言——斯德哥尔摩宣言。一九七七年至一九七九年,联合国环境规划署与国际自然及自然资源保护同盟等机构,共同起草了《世界自然保护大纲》,并
Since the 1960s, many countries and regions in the world have threatened the production and livelihood of their people due to the increasingly serious pollution and natural disasters. These harsh facts have drawn the attention of all countries to the natural ecosystems. The Club of Rome warns loudly that “... nature is being plundered, forests are burned or chopped, ecosystems are destroyed and humans can not survive.” For this purpose, the United Nations has convened a series of special meetings to discuss the protection of the environment, the protection of natural resources and the protection of the ecological system. Starting from 1973, the global MAB initiative was launched. In 1972, the first Declaration on the Human Environment - the Stockholm Declaration was released. From 1977 to 1979, the United Nations Environment Program and other agencies such as the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources jointly drafted the “World Conservation Outline” and