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本文根据作者对福建省 1 0个县 1 980年至 1 990年乡镇企业发展和农业增长情况实 地调查 ,集中讨论自 1 978年农村经济改革以来至 1 990年乡镇企业迅速扩张对农业增长 的影响。文章将农村经济分为两个子部门 :乡镇企业和农业部门 ,并假设这两个部门的边 际要素生产力不同 ,然后基于Feder的两要素增长模型形成了一个分析框架 ,同时运用生 产函数研究对这一分析做了进一步的补充。这一研究的主要结论是 :1 978年至 1 990年 中国乡镇企业的扩张通过正的外在性影响支持了农业增长 ,但“要素贡献”并不明显。相 反 ,存在着一种不利于农业部门的“负激励效应”(negativeincentiveeffect)。中国当前的 土地政策和现有的价格扭曲可能要对这一“负激励效应”负责。
Based on the author's fieldwork on the development of township enterprises and the growth of agriculture in 10 counties of Fujian Province from1980 to1990, this paper focuses on the impact of the rapid expansion of township enterprises on the agricultural growth since the rural economic reform in 1978 to 1990 . The article divides the rural economy into two sub-sectors: township and village enterprises and the agricultural sector. Assuming that these two sectors have different marginal factor productivity, an analytical framework is formed based on Feder's two-factor growth model and a production function is used to study this Analysis made a further supplement. The main conclusion of this study is that the expansion of China's township and village enterprises from 1978 to 1990 supported agricultural growth through positive externalities, but “factor contribution” was not obvious. On the contrary, there is a “negative incentive effect” that is detrimental to the agricultural sector. China's current land policies and existing price distortions may be responsible for this “negative incentive effect.”